سوال

مفتی صاحب کیا شریعہ کمپلائنٹ کمپنیوںShariah Compliant Companies)    (میں انویسٹ کرنا حلال ہے یعنی جو کمپنیاں شریعہ کمپلائنٹ ہو ںاس کی آمدنی حلال ہوگی یا نہیں ؟

اَلجَوَابْ بِاسْمِ مُلْہِمِ الصَّوَابْ

یاد رہے کہ عوام سے بڑے پیمانے پر انویسٹمنٹ لینے کے لیے کمپنی کا ایک ایسی اسپیشل کمپنی کے طور پر  SECPمیں رجسٹر ہونا ضروری ہے جسے  عوام سے فنڈ لینے کی اجازت ہو، اس کے علاوہ  قانونی طور پر کسی کمپنی کوعوام سے سرمایہ لینا جائز نہیں۔

شریعہ کمپلائنٹ کا دعوی کرنے والے ادارے دو طرح کے ہو سکتے ہیں:  ایک وہ جنہوں نے اپنے نظام کو کسی مفتی کو دکھا کر یا کسی دار الافتاء سے فتوی لے کر حلال ہونے کا دعوی کیا ہو،  دوسرے وہ جو باضابطہ  SECPکے قانون  (SGR 23)کے تحت تمام تقاضوں کو پورا کر کے شریعت کمپلائنٹ  قرار دی گئی ہو ۔بہر صورت ان کمپنیوں کو خصوصی رجسٹریشن کے بغیر عوام سے فنڈ لینے کی اجازت نہیں۔  لہذا  ان میں سے جن کمپنیوں کو عوام سے سرمایہ لینی کی اجازت ہو تو اس میں سرمایہ کاری کرنا اور اس سے جو نفع حاصل ہو وہ لینا جائز ہے۔  البتہ جن کو  SECPکی طرف سے باقاعدہ عوام سے فنڈلینے کی اجازت نہ ہو تو اس میں سرمایہ کاری کرنے سے اجتناب ضروری ہے۔ اکثر اوقات ایسی کمپنیاں آخر میں پونزی اسکیمیں  ہی نکل آتی ہیں ۔

صحيح البخاري ط: دار التأصيل (1/ 226):

عن عامر قال: سمعت النعمان بن بشير يقول: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: "‌الحلال ‌بين ‌والحرام ‌بين، وبينهما مشبهات لا يعلمها كثير من الناس، فمن اتقى المشبهات استبرأ لدينه وعرضه، ومن وقع في الشبهات كراعي يرعى حول الحمى يوشك أن يواقعه."

Shariah Governance Regulations, 2023 (P: 4)                                                                                                          

(1) Any company desirous of obtaining a declaration in the form of a Shariah compliance certificate shall make an application to the Commission, as set out in Form A, along with documents as mentioned therein and receipt evidencing the payment of non-refundable processing fee, as prescribed in Schedule I.

(2) The Commission, while considering an application made to it under sub-regulation (1) shall have regard to the nature of business activities and operations, source of income, investments, and borrowing of the company in addition to Shariah screening criteria notified under these regulations and other requirements as provided in these regulations and any other additional requirements, as may be stipulated by the Commission, from time to time. The Commission may, while considering an application under this regulation, may also require the applicant to furnish such additional information, clarification, or documents as it deems appropriate.

(3) The Commission may, if it is satisfied that the company seeking Shariah compliance certificate, has fulfilled the requirements, may grant a declaration in form of a Shariah compliance certificate on the format as set out in Form B. P a g e 4 | 53 Provided that the Commission may at any time impose, vary or revoke such restrictions or conditions as it may require.

(4) A company declared as Shariah compliant by the Commission under this regulation, shall; (a) admit that raising loans on interest is prohibited, whatsoever the amount, and it shall endeavour to settle the interest-bearing loan at the earliest possible time and shall not take any further interest-based loan in ordinary course of business. Provided that in case of a dire need, such loans may be raised with specific approval of the Shariah supervisory board or the Shariah advisor, as the case may be and the board of directors with complete disclosure in the annual financial statements and annual report; (b) admit that any interest-based investment is prohibited, whatsoever the amount, and it shall endeavour to dispose of the same and not make any further interestbased investments; and (c) make concerted efforts to eliminate any prohibited elements from its income, operations, assets, and liabilities;

 (5) A company declared as Shariah compliant by the Commission under this regulation shall divest the Shariah non-compliant investments above the quantitative tolerance levels, and any such Shariah compliant investments that may subsequently become Shariah noncompliant, in a manner and within such time period, as may be determined by its Shariah supervisory board or the Shariah advisor, as the case may be.

 (6) The company referred in sub-regulation (5) shall, with approval of its Shariah supervisory board or the Shariah advisor, as the case may be, implement a policy for purification of its income and disbursement of Shariah non-compliant income, as charity.

 (7) The Shariah compliance certificate granted under sub-regulation (3), shall remain valid unless voluntarily surrendered by the company or suspended or cancelled by the Commission, whichever is earlier.