سوال

I am Ahmed (fictitious name). I would like to discuss my case regarding divorce.

 My marriage lasted for almost six months. Then I had to visit abroad for some official work before my wife left me saying that she does not want to live with me. While I was there she contacted me after about 25days and apologized and said that she wanted to live with me and everything was normal then. I came back from abroad after almost 3 months and called her but she picked the call and talked to me but did not respond to me. Then I got frustrated and decided to divorce her. While getting back from abroad I got job confirmation there. I waited for almost 1 week and there was no reply from their side. Then I went abroad again and I sent her 1st divorce notice from abroad. A family member of mine submitted the divorce documents to the Union council. They sent them 1st notice. After one month 2nd notice (without my permission), again after one month 3rd notice (again without my permission). I have the following few questions

1: Only one divorce notice was sent by me but the other two were not from my permission. Has only one divorce happened or all three have happened?

2:If the person to whom I had given power of attorney has given the union council in writing that they can send 2nd and 3rd notice then still the other 2 divorces have happened or not? And if they have not given them (Union Council) a written permission then what shall be the status of divorces. (be reminded that after the 1st notice I decided that I will not give the other two notices but I was unable to stop the union council from sending the other notices).

اَلجَوَابْ بِاسْمِ مُلْہِمِ الصَّوَابْ

It is clear that if you have only given one divorce notice and the notices for the other divorces were sent without your permission, then in this case, only one divorce will have taken place. And the other divorces will be considered null and void.

The answer to the second question is that It should be noted that you have sent your attorney a notice for only one divorce and you have not sent notices for additional divorces, and he has submitted documents to the Union Council stating that he can issue additional divorces, then if the Union Council has prepared a divorce certificate with three divorces without your permission and you have not signed it, then in this case, only one divorce will take place.

الفتاوی التاتارخانیۃ (349/3)

"ٍوإذا قال لغیرہ : ’’ طلق امرأتي واحدۃ رجعیۃ ‘‘ فطلقہا واحدۃ بائنۃ ۔ أو قال لہ : ’’ طلقہا واحدۃ بائنۃ ‘‘ فطلقہا واحدۃً رجعیۃً تقع تطلیقۃً واحدۃً علیٰ حسب ما أمرہ الزوج ۔ ذکرہ في الأصل ۔ وفي الولوالجیۃ : رجل وکّل وکیلاً أن یطلق امرأتہ ، فطلق الوکیل ثلاثًا ؛ فإن نویٰ الزوج ثلاثًا صح ، وإن لم ینو لا یصح عند أبي حنیفۃ رحمہ اللّٰہ تعالیٰ۔

الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 246)

 (قوله كتب الطلاق إلخ) قال في الهندية: الكتابة على نوعين: مرسومة وغير مرسومة، ونعني بالمرسومة أن يكون مصدرا ومعنونا مثل ما يكتب إلى الغائب. وغير المرسومة أن لا يكون مصدرا ومعنونا، وهو على وجهين: مستبينة وغير مستبينة، فالمستبينة ما يكتب على الصحيفة والحائط والأرض على وجه يمكن فهمه وقراءته. وغير المستبينة ما يكتب على الهواء والماء وشيء لا يمكنه فهمه وقراءته. ففي غير المستبينة لا يقع الطلاق وإن نوى، وإن كانت مستبينة لكنها غير مرسومة إن نوى الطلاق وإلا لا، وإن كانت مرسومة يقع الطلاق نوى أو لم ينو ثم المرسومة لا تخلو إما أن أرسل الطلاق بأن كتب: أما بعد فأنت طالق، فكما كتب هذا يقع الطلاق وتلزمها العدة من وقت الكتابة. وإن علق طلاقها بمجيء الكتاب بأن كتب: إذا جاءك كتابي فأنت طالق فجاءها الكتاب فقرأته أو لم تقرأ يقع الطلاق كذا في الخلاصة ط.